#BLOODY FLUID IN KNEE JOINT SERIES#

The MCL is also connected to the medial meniscus. Without the MCL, the knee would have a valgus deformity. Its function is to stabilise the knee by preventing medial movement (maintaining the hinge-like properties of the joint). The MCL, also known as the tibial collateral ligament, runs from the medial epicondyle of the femur and inserts onto the medial condyle of the tibia. Cruciate ligaments of the knee joint Collateral ligaments Medial collateral ligament (MCL) It prevents posterior displacement of the knee. The PCL originates on the medial condyle of the femur and inserts onto the posterior intercondylar area. The ACL is the most commonly injured ligament of the knee. Its function is to prevent anterior displacement of the knee. The ACL originates on the lateral condyle of the femur and inserts onto the anterior intercondylar area. Cruciate ligaments Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) It runs over the patella, attaching around the margins of the bone, and inserts onto the tibial tuberosity. The patellar ligament is a continuation of the quadriceps femoris tendon from the anterior compartment of the thigh. Osteophyte formation: small bony growths around the edges of the jointįor more information, see the Geeky Medics guide to osteoarthritis.Subchondral sclerosis: hardening of the bone beneath the joint surface.Typical X-ray findings of osteoarthritis include: Symptoms of severe osteoarthritis include joint stiffness, reduced range of joint movement and joint pain. It involves degeneration of the articular surfaces. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that primarily occurs in synovial joints. Menisci of the knee jointĬlinical relevance: Osteoarthritis of the knee The function of the menisci is to assist the movement of the bones over each other, to deepen the tibial plateau and to act as a form of shock absorption.

#BLOODY FLUID IN KNEE JOINT SERIES#

There are two menisci found on the proximal tibia, the medial meniscus and the lateral meniscus which are connected by a series of ligaments that run through the joint capsule. Each meniscus is a C-shaped piece of fibrocartilage. The proximal end of the tibia is also covered by two menisci. The distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia are both covered by a layer of hyaline cartilage, which allows the bones to slide over each other easily. The two articulations in the knee are found between the tibia and the femur (tibiofemoral) and the patella and the femur (patellofemoral). It may also be referred to as a bicondylar joint as movement primarily occurs in one plane (flexion, extension). The knee joint is a compound joint, consisting of two different articulation points that combine to form the joint. You might also be interested in our Anatomy Flashcard Collection which contains over 2000 anatomy flashcards in addition to advanced features such as spaced repetition.

Bloody fluid in knee joint